Uterine Sex Cord Tumour- Management Dilemma

Uterine sex cord tumour is a very rare tumour with uncertain management strategies and prognosis. A 61-year-old, nulliparous, who was not on hormone replacement therapy, presented with first episode of postmenopausal bleeding. A transvaginal scan revealed an enlarged uterus with thick endometrial lining and features of multiple degenerated fibroid. Endometrial biopsy was negative for malignancy. Computed tomography of the abdomen and pelvis confirmed the mass, with atrophic ovaries and incidental finding of bilateral hydronephrosis requiring stentings. Otherwise, there were no pelvic lymph nodes enlargement. Our impression was a uterine sarcoma and we decided for total abdominal hysterectomy with bilateral salpingooophorectomy. Surprisingly, the histology report confirmed uterine sex cord tumour. There are less cases of recurrence and there is no general consensus on the management. However, we decided for adjuvant chemotherapy (BEP regime) as the malignant cells infiltrated more than half of myometrial thickness, with good outcome.

Case Review: Post Partum Vulvo-vaginal Haematomas and Options of Management

Vulvo-vaginal haematomas are not an uncommon obstetric complication. Despite advances in obstetric care, practice and technique, vulvo-vaginal haematomas do occur especially in complicated vaginal deliveries. Various management options are available for vulvo-vaginal haematomas. We describe three cases of vulvo-vaginal haematomas with different severity and presentations which were managed in different manners i.e. local haemostasis control, laparotomy with hysterectomy, and transarterial embolisation. The choice of treatment options would mainly depend on the clinical presentations, availability of expertise as well as facilities. Early identification is crucial.

Morbidly Adherent Placenta at Extreme Prematurity: Can Major Haemorrhage and Hysterectomy be Prevented?

Morbidly adherent placenta with spontaneous rupture of membrane at extreme prematurity poses poor pregnancy outcome. Various issues on different management modalities still remain perplexed and individual consideration is vital. Two cases of morbidly adherent placenta with symptomatic per vaginal bleeding and spontaneous rupture of membrane at severe prematurity were reviewed and discussed. We found that, active intervention by termination of pregnancy and methotrexate therapy at early gestation can prevent the need of hysterectomy following major obstetrics haemorrhage.